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Airway Obstruction Removal Attempts In A Conscious Infant Consist Of

The Heimlich maneuver uses abdominal thrusts to force objects out of the throat. Underneath the lungs is a muscle called the diaphragm. This muscle contracts to move the lungs, helping them exhale air.In 1972, a doctor from Cincinnati read a story about choking. At the time, choking was the sixth leading cause of accidental death. These statistics inspired the doctor to devise a simple way to prevent these deaths from happening. The procedure became known as the Heimlich maneuver.The Heimlich maneuver works by creating an artificial cough. By pushing on the diaphragm, the maneuver forces air out of the lungs and up through the throat, forcing a trapped object out.There are four ways to perform the Heimlich maneuver, depending on the age and needs of the choking person. The underlying action with each approach is the same: using the muscles of the diaphragm to force the object out of the throat.Conscious adult or childIf the adult or child over the age of 1 is conscious but cannot speak, cough, or breathe, perform the Heimlich maneuver immediately, following these steps:Stand behind the person who is choking, arms wrapped around their waist.Make one hand into a fist. Position the thumb side of the fist against the person’s stomach, below their ribs and above the belly button. It is possible to feel the diaphragm muscle.Put the other hand over the fist and push into this muscle with a rapid, forceful, upward thrust.Continue abdominal thrusts until the object comes out.Unconscious adult or childIf the child or adult is unconscious or cannot sit or stand, perform these steps:Position the choking person flat on their back.Sit on the person’s thighs, facing toward themPlace one hand on top of the other, and then position the heel of the hand over their diaphragm, just below their rib cage and above their belly button.Lean onto the hands, pushing up and in.Continue repeating thrusts until the object is coughed out.Performing Heimlich on yourselfIf you choke while alone, or when there is no one to help, do the following:Make a fist, and with thumbs pointing inward, position the fist against the diaphragm – under the rib cage and above the navel.Push in and up until the object is expelled.If unable to do this or it does not work lean over a solid object, such as a counter or chair. Position the edge at the diaphragm to push in and up. Move slightly forward and backward to produce thrusts.Repeat until the object is dislodged.Infants under 1 yearIn infants under 1 year of age, follow these steps:Position the baby face down on the forearm, ensuring the baby’s head is lower than their chest.With the forearm resting on the thigh, support the baby’s head with the hand.Make sure the baby’s mouth and nose are not covered.Use the heel of the other hand to smack the baby’s back in between the shoulder blades four times. Repeat until the object comes out.If this fails, turn the baby over. Position two fingers in the center of the baby’s chest, between the nipples. Forcefully push down four times to a depth of about 1 inch. Repeat until the object comes out.Henry Heimlich, a thoracic surgeon, read about the epidemic of choking deaths in restaurants.He discovered that the American Red Cross recommended slapping choking victims on the back. But there was not much evidence to support this strategy.He began testing various strategies on an anesthetised dog. Heimlich believed that blows to the back did not work because they forced the object further down the airway. He also found that chest presses were of no use either because the ribs prevented the lungs from expelling enough air.Heimlich discovered that by pressing on the diaphragm in an upward direction, the lungs could push enough air out to expel the object. This simple procedure became the Heimlich maneuver and within a few years, organizations such as the Red Cross began recommending it as the best strategy for saving the lives of people who were choking.Is the Heimlich maneuver better than other strategies?Although the Heimlich maneuver has replaced back blows and thrusts to the chests in most situations, some emergency responders still use these strategies when Heimlich fails. It remains unclear whether Heimlich is the better choice, or just the more popular, and perhaps easier, one.A 1976 study that compared Heimlich-style abdominal thrusts to chest thrusts, for example, found that chest thrusts were more effective. The sample size was very small, however, comprising just six men. With a larger sample size, researchers might have got different results, so the study should not be viewed as conclusive proof that chest thrusts are better.Share on PinterestThe Heimlich maneuver should not be performed on someone who is not choking.It is not possible carry out the Heimlich maneuver on someone who is not choking.However, because the technique involves pushing on the diaphragm, it is possible for a person to familiarize themselves with the procedure by locating their diaphragm and feeling for a thick band of muscle just underneath the rib cage.Pushing forcefully on this muscle should produce a jarring sensation that pushes air out of the lungs.This can bolster confidence in the event of an actual choking episode.If a person can cough, talk, gag, or breathe, they are not choking. Wait for them to cough the item out. Only begin the Heimlich maneuver if the person is unable to dislodge the object and cannot breathe.The Heimlich maneuver does not save drowning victims, and will not save people from other emergencies, such as cardiac arrest or a seizure.Sometimes the Heimlich maneuver fails, either because the item is too deeply lodged in the throat or because a person does not do the maneuver correctly. For this reason, always call 911 immediately when someone is choking.If two people are available, one should call 911 while the other performs the Heimlich maneuver. This maximizes the chance of survival even when Heimlich does not work.

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Care for Foreign-body Airway Obstruction for Conscious Infant

1. Lay the infant face down along your arm with the head lower than the body.
 Support the infant in a head downward, prone position, to enable gravity to assist removal of the foreign body.
 A seated or kneeling rescuer should be able to support the infant safely across his or her lap.
 Support the infant’s head by placing the thumb of one hand at the angle of the lower jaw, and one or two fingers from the
same hand at the same point on the other side of the jaw. Do not compress the soft tissues under the chin.
2. Give up to five sharp blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your other hand.
 Check to see if each back blow has relieved the airway obstruction.
 The aim is to relieve the obstruction with a blow/slap, not to necessarily give all five.
3. If five back blows fail to relieve the airway obstruction, give up to five chest thrusts as follows:
 Turn the infant into a head downward, supine position.
 This is achieved safely by placing the free arm along the infant’s back and encircling the back part of the head with the hand.
 Support the infant along your arm, which is placed down (or across) your thigh.
4. Find your landmarks, two fingers below the nipple line.
 Give chest thrusts (compress approximately 1½ of the depth of the chest). These are similar to chest compressions but sharper and delivered at a slower rate.
 Repeat up to five times.
 If the obstruction is still not relieved, continue alternating five back blows with five chest thrusts.
5. If the victim becomes unconscious:
 Support the victim, while carefully lowering him or her to the ground.
 If advance medical help has not arrived or been called, immediately call for local emergency number.

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